Human Rights in Islam : The Preservation of Mind

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Intelligence is the basis of all meaningful and responsible actions and accountability. Islam prohibits intoxicants that impair the activity of the mind and degrade man. The word for wine and intoxicants in Arabic is “Khamr”, meaning that which “covers” the brain. Alcohol and other drugs are one of the major causes of heinous crime with disastrous results in the society. The penalty in Islamic law for public intoxication is flogging to eradicate the vice, and as a warning to others.

Almighty God states in the Qur’an:

(O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters [to other than Allah ], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful. Satan only wants to cause between you animosity and hatred through intoxicants and gambling and to avert you from the remembrance of Allah and from prayer. So will you not desist?) [5:90-91]

Alcohol and other drugs are one of the major causes of heinous crime with disastrous results in the society.

Islam forbids the manufacture and sale of all kinds of alcoholic beverages and intoxicants. It even prohibits the promotion of such alcoholic beverages in the society, even if the promoter or salesperson himself does not drink it or use it. This prohibition is based on the Hadith of God’s Messenger (pbuh)

“The curse of God falls on ten groups of people who deal with Khamr (all intoxicants). The one who squeezes it (or distills it), the one for whom it is squeezed, the one who sells it, the one who buys it, the one who transports it, the one to whom it is transported, the one who utilizes the money from it, the one who drinks it, and the one who serves it.” (Reported by Abu Dawood, At-Tirmidhi no.1295, an-Nisa`e, Ibn Majah no. 3423 and al-Haakim, and verified by Al-Albani)

Islam forbids the manufacture and sale of all kinds of alcoholic beverages and intoxicants.

Basic education for all

God the Exalted, says in the Glorious Qur’an:

(Say: Are those equal who know and those who do not know? It is those who are given understanding that receive admonition.) [39:9]

And He says:

(O you who have believed, when you are told, “Space yourselves” in assemblies, then make space; Allah will make space for you. And when you are told, “Arise,” then arise; Allah will raise those who have believed among you and those who were given knowledge, by degrees. And Allah is Acquainted with what you do.) [58:11]

Education in the Islamic society is a right for all individuals and a required moral duty of every capable person. All capable, intelligent and skilled individuals in the Islamic society are required to educate themselves in the basics of their religion and in necessary worldly affairs. The government is required to provide to the best of their ability all means that help promote adequate education. The Messenger of God (pbuh) said:

“Seeking knowledge is obligatory on every Muslim (male and female).” (Reported by Ibn Majah no . 337)

He (pbuh) also stated :

“He who travels to seek any (beneficial) knowledge is considered as a person who is struggling for the cause of God I until he returns (home).” (Reported by Tirmidhi, no. 2785)

Another tradition of this meaning is the saying of God’s Messenger (pbuh):

“Whosoever takes a path seeking knowledge, God will pave a path for him to Paradise.” (Reported by Abu Dawood 3:317 and Tirmidhi, no. 2785)

It is unlawful for a scholar to withhold useful knowledge as the Messenger of God (pbuh) said:

‘Whosoever withholds knowledge will have a harness of fire placed on him on the Day of Judgment.’ (Reported by Ibn Hibban, no. 296)

Reference : Dr. Abdul-Rahman Al-Sheha, Human Rights in Islam, Usool International Centre, Riyadh, ISBN: 978-603-90936-9-5

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